SPANISH NETHERLANDS AR Pronkdaalder 1571 City of Utrecht - Philip II - Battle of Lepanto EF

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SPANISH NETHERLANDS - City of Utrecht - Philip II

AR Pronkdaalder on the weight of 2 Philipsdaalders - Homage of the City of Utrecht to commemorate the victory of Philip II at the Battle of Lepanto - silver - Utrecht Mint - 1571 - engraver’s initials (on city wall): CVE for Cornelis Van Eyck

Obverse: Philip II, armoured and sworded, on caparisoned horse, prancing to left; on either side of Philip, in left and right field, a fire-steel atop a Burgundian cross; within beaded circle; dividing the legend, above, crowned shield of arms of Spain within collar of the Golden Fleece; to the left, crowned arms of County of Holland; to right, crowned arms of Province of Utrecht; below, arms of Holland, beside which, city arms of Utrecht and a rose; pearl border surrounding.

O/legend: DIVO:PHILIP — TRIVMP: — HISP:REGI⁘ — D:TRAIECT

Reverse: Philip II, armoured and sworded, on caparisoned grotesque dolphin swimming to left; holding a raised crucifix in his extended right hand; grotesque dolphins swimming around; a distant city with harbour and mountain beyond; within plain and beaded circle; legend around; pearl border surrounding.

R/legend: ✿ OTHOMANICA ✿ CLASSÆ ✿ DELETA ✿ 1571 (transl.: The Turkish fleet destroyed in 1571)

Edge: plain

Alignment: medal

Technique: hammered

Condition remark: An exceptional piece, well struck with fine details and an exquisite cabinet patina with a light iridescent sheen. As only remark, there are some tiny knocks on the edge, but these do not detract from the beauty of this very impressive numismatic work of art.

Provenance: ex Künker, Auction 371 (22-24 June 2022), lot 3386

References: van Loon I, page 140, 1; Forrer “Biographical Dictionary of Medallists” (1923), volume VII, page 199.

Rarity index: R2

Historic context: The Battle of Lepanto took place on 7 October 1571 when the combined fleets of the Holy League (Spain, including their territories of Naples, Sicily and Sardinia, the Republic of Venice, the Papacy, the Republic of Genoa, the Duchy of Savoy, and the Knights Hospitaller), commanded by Don Juan of Austria, decisively defeated the Ottoman fleet in a five-hour battle fought at the northern edge of the Gulf of Patras, off Western Greece. The Holy League's fleet consisted of some 284 vessels with 1815 guns, manned by 12,920 sailors and almost 28,000 fighting troops. They faced 277 vessels with 750 guns, manned by 13,000 sailors and 34,000 soldiers. The League lost 7,500 dead and 17 ships, whilst the Turkish losses were enormous, with 20,000 dead, wounded or captured, 137 ships captured and 50 sunk. About 10,000 Christian galley slaves were rescued. Lepanto was the last major naval battle fought largely between rowing vessels and the victory gave the Holy League temporary control over the Mediterranean, protected Rome from invasion, and prevented the Ottomans from advancing further into Europe.

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