England / Warwick Penny Aethelred II (978-1016) Helmet Type, Osmer VF/XF

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Obv: +'EĐELRED REX ANGLO
Rev: + OSMER MiO PÆRNG
Moneyer: Osmer

This silver penny from the reign of Aethelred II, known as "the Unready", is an intriguing artifact from medieval English coinage. Cataloged under S# 1152 and N 775, this coin is graded VF/XF (Very Fine to Extremely Fine) and weighs 1.24 grams. It was minted in Warwick during the late 10th to early 11th century, representing one of the many coin types issued during Aethelred's challenging rule.

Design:

Obverse (Obv): The obverse depicts a left-facing bust of Aethelred II wearing a helmet, accompanied by the legend +’EĐELRED REX ANGL which translates to "Aethelred, King of the English." This portrait with a helmet symbolizes Aethelred's military leadership against the backdrop of Viking invasions.
Reverse (Rev): The reverse features the inscription + OSMER M_O PÆ.RNG, indicating it was struck by the moneyer Osmer in Warwick. The design includes a voided long cross with a central pellet, a common anti-clipping measure of the time.

Historical Context:

Aethelred II's reign was fraught with difficulties, primarily due to continuous Viking raids that destabilized the kingdom. Known as "the Unready" (from Old English "unræd" meaning "ill-advised"), Aethelred implemented various coinage reforms to finance his defenses and stabilize the economy. The Helmet Type Penny was part of these reforms, reflecting both his title and the military necessity of his time.

Numismatic Significance:

This coin is particularly valuable for collectors due to its well-preserved condition, offering clear details of the king's image and inscriptions. The Helmet Type is not as common as some other issues from Aethelred's reign, which adds to its rarity and desirability. It provides insight into the minting techniques and economic policies of late Anglo-Saxon England.

Conclusion:

This Helmet Type Penny from Aethelred II's era stands as both a piece of currency and a historical document, encapsulating the turbulent period of Viking invasions and the efforts of an English king to counter them. Its condition, rarity, and historical context make it an essential piece for those studying or collecting medieval English coinage.

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